Look at a map of the Roman Empire in 420 and you might be forgiven for thinking that talk of a decline was a little overblown. In terms of outline, the empire does not look all that different from its fourth century predecessor. Even a generation later at the outset of the 450s, while some regions had fallen out of imperial control - Britain, western Gaul, western Spain and Africa province, the overall integrity of the empire appears to be sound. Such appearances can be decei

Had Severus Alexander not suffered a mutinous death at the hands of the supporters of Maximinus Thrax, perhaps instead dying of an illness whilst on campaign without having annoyed the military, what would the ‘Severan’ remnant have done?   On the surface, a peaceful, earlier death of Alexander would seem to have left Julia Mamaea as the only surviving ‘Severan’ Woman (overlooking the various ex-wives of Elagabalus and Alexander himself), but were there any other ‘Severans’ w

Episode 53 - With the river diverted, the Athenians and their Egyptian allies are no longer in de-Nile... this expedition and rebellion...

After his takeover of the Roman Empire during the Year of the Four Emperors (AD 69), Vespasian and his advisors sought any avenue of...

Julia Domna Aside from its eponymous founder, the imperial men of the Severan dynasty all met murderous ends - Geta was butchered in his...

Episode 52 - Having trouble defeating an enemy holed up on an island? Just redirect a section of the world's biggest river......

Coin issued in Syria during Gabinius’ governorship In the aftermath of the Battle of Pharsalus, Pompey’s flight from Greece across the...

With the defeat of Macrinus at the Battle of Antioch on 8 June 218 and his subsequent capture and execution before the month was out, it...

Episode 51 - The Athenian-backed Egyptian rebellion starts well, but can it continue pon to a successful conclusion?...

Having been defeated by Caesar at the Battle of Pharsalus on 9 August 48BC, Pompey fled across the Aegean to Mytilene and then on to...

In looking at the demise of Geta, we saw how the second generation of the imperial Severan dynasty did not get along at all....

We all know the fate of Julius Caesar – 23 stab wounds, bleeding out on the floor of the Curia Pompeia on the Ides of March 44BC.   But...

Episode 50 - A grand rebellion in Egypt offers the Athenians the opportunity just how far they will go to strike a blow against the...

The murder of his brother and thousands of his supposed supporters, enriching the army to the detriment of imperial finances and his...

Episode 49 - The Athenians have begun to reach far and wide... for good and ill... with the extent of both seen in the form of the...

Upon the reading of Julius Caesar’s will in the house of Mark Antony on 19 March 44BC, a new heir to the Caesarian name and fortune was...

Episode 48 - The introduction to Pericles concludes with something of a 'murder mystery', which may have positively affected the great...

In all the numismatic discussions of ‘Carausius II’, who he might have been and when he might have attempted to rule, there is another...

Episode 47 - an introduction to Pericles, one of the leading men in the story of 5th century BC Greece, driving force behind much of...

“Be harmonious, enrich the soldiers, scorn all others”   Dio 76.15.2   This is the advice that the emperor Septimius Severus reputedly...